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Loyalty programs are structured marketing strategies designed to encourage customers to continue to shop at or use the services of businesses associated with each program.〔Sharp, Byron and Anne Sharp (1997), "Loyalty Programs and Their on Repeat-Purchase Loyalty Patterns", International Journal of Research in Marketing, 14 (5), 473-86.〕 Many such programs exist covering most types of business, each one having varying features and rewards schemes. In marketing generally and in retailing more specifically, a loyalty card, rewards card, points card, advantage card, or club card is a plastic or paper card, visually similar to a credit card, debit card, or digital card that identifies the card holder as a member in a loyalty program.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url= http://www.elect-mer.com/glossary-l.html )〕 Loyalty cards relate to the loyalty business model. In the United Kingdom such a card is typically called a "loyalty card", in Canada a "rewards card" or a "points card", and in the United States either a "discount card", a "club card" or a "rewards card". Cards typically have a barcode or magstripe that can be easily scanned, some are chip cards or proximity cards. Small keyring cards (also known as keytags) which serve as key fobs are often used for convenience in carrying and ease of access. By presenting such a card, purchasers typically earn the right either to a discount on the current purchase, or to an allotment of points that they can use for future purchases. Hence the card is the visible means of implementing a type of what economists call a two-part tariff. Application forms for cards usually entail agreements by the store concerning customer privacy, typically non-disclosure (by the store) of non-aggregate data about customers. The store uses aggregate data internally (and sometimes externally) as part of its marketing research. Over time the data can reveal, for example, a given customer's favorite brand of beer, or whether he or she is a vegetarian. Where a customer has provided sufficient identifying information, the loyalty card may also be used to access such information to expedite verification during receipt of cheques or dispensing medical prescription preparations, or for other membership privileges (e.g., access to a club lounge in airports, using a frequent-flyer card). One can regard loyalty programs as a form of centralized virtual currency, one with unidirectional cash flow, since reward points can be exchanged into a good or service but not back into cash.〔 〕 B2B (Business-to-business) loyalty programs reward businesses for their purchase of goods and services from suppliers. ==History== :''For information on historical loyalty programs, see Loyalty marketing history.'' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Loyalty program」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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